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<title>Alternavive GLSI léger : Grabber - Les incroyables notes de devops</title>
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🐍 Python
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Alternavive GLSI léger : Grabber
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Alternavive GLSI léger : Grabber
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Besoin
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-> Bash
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Chef du service : grabber.sh
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L'agent de collecte : alfred.run
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Requête avec Paramiko
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Protection de l'API avec un "Secret Partagé"
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Panel Admin (Django)
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Vue d'ensemble du projet et Conclusions
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Difficultés rencontrées et apprentissages
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Bilan
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Axes d'amélioration
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<a href="../2026-01-23/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Docs et notes avec Zensical
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</span>
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<a href="../2026-02-13/" class="md-nav__link">
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Faire un portfolio en JS moderne
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Liens cools
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<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="On this page">
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On this page
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<a href="#introduction-au-projet" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Introduction au projet
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</span>
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</a>
|
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Introduction au projet">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<a href="#besoin" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Besoin
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Solution
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#choix-de-la-stack-technologique" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Choix de la stack technologique
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</span>
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</a>
|
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|
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Choix de la stack technologique">
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<a href="#-bash" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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|
|
-> Bash
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="#-python-django" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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-> Python (Django)
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="#-sqlite" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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|
|
-> SQLite
|
|
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</span>
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</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#architecture-technique" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Architecture technique
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</span>
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Architecture technique">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#chef-du-service-grabbersh" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
|
Chef du service : grabber.sh
|
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</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
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|
</li>
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#lagent-de-collecte-alfredrun" class="md-nav__link">
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
|
L'agent de collecte : alfred.run
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#deploiement-dalfred" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Déploiement d'Alfred
|
|
|
|
</span>
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</a>
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|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Déploiement d'Alfred">
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<ul class="md-nav__list">
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#requete-avec-paramiko" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
|
Requête avec Paramiko
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
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Protection de l'API avec un "Secret Partagé"
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<p><img src="https://github.com/buchtioof/grabber/blob/main/assets/logo.png?raw=true"></p>
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<h1 id="alternavive-glsi-leger-grabber">Alternavive GLSI léger : Grabber</h1>
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<h2 id="introduction-au-projet">Introduction au projet</h2>
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<h3 id="besoin">Besoin</h3>
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<p>Grabber part d'un besoin de gérer un petit parc informatique (dizaines d'ordinateurs) dans un espace de travail (type entreprise). On peut déja noter certains besoins majeurs : <strong>gérer des ordinateurs à distance</strong>, <strong>connaitre d'un coup d'oeil leur état</strong> (updates, hardware, software) et <strong>établir une liste de liens entre ordinateurs et employés</strong>.</p>
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<h3 id="solution">Solution</h3>
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<p>Grabber donc serait dans l'idée capable de répondre à ces besoins, via une interface web administrateur consultable par le DSI d'une entreprise par exemple. Pour la gestion d'un parc informatique de petite taille/toute petite, on proposera un produit simple, léger et plug and play. Via une simple commande de terminal et une configuration au préalable des ordinateurs cibles capable de recevoir des requêtes SSH, Grabber sera capable de couvrir un maximum des besoins.</p>
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<h2 id="choix-de-la-stack-technologique">Choix de la stack technologique</h2>
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<p>Le projet en général se basera sur du Bash et du Python pour gérer l'API et le panel Admin.</p>
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<h3 id="-bash">-> <em>Bash</em></h3>
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<p>Les scripts Bash se contenteront de "fetch" les données système <em>(via des commandes comme lscpu ou la librairie inxi)</em>. Ils auront aussi le rôle d'empaqueter ces données en format JSON <em>(via jq)</em> à un serveur qui les enregistrera dans une BDD. Et enfin, ils seront un peu l'agent qui contrôle la machine via des contrôles du systeme (vérif. admin, réglages du serveur, lanceur du serveur...)</p>
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<h3 id="-python-django">-> <em>Python (Django)</em></h3>
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<p>Son rôle (serveur) sera de recevoir d'abord ces données brutes en format JSON et les enregistrer dans une BDD SQLite. De plus, Django sera un bon choix pour gérer le panel Admin puisqu'il ne requiert pas plus de réglages/sécurités supplémentaires, ces outils viennent tout prêts et ne nécessitent qu'une simple installation via pip.</p>
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<h3 id="-sqlite">-> <em>SQLite</em></h3>
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<p>Choisir cette BDD est pour sa simplicité, elle est stockée en local, ne nécessite elle non plus d'aucun déploiment/préparations spécifiques et est déjà prête a l'emploi avec Django.</p>
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<h2 id="architecture-technique">Architecture technique</h2>
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<h3 id="chef-du-service-grabbersh">Chef du service : <em>grabber.sh</em></h3>
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<p>Ce script aura un rôle majeur dans le projet, il sera le chef d'orchestre du service et se chargera de gérer le panel admin et le serveur Django ainsi que l'environnement Python et d'être le centre des commandes en sécurisant le service avec un token dynamique</p>
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<p><strong>Entre autre, il devra :</strong></p>
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<p>-> Initialiser l'environnement virtuel Python (nommé gbvenv)</p>
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<p>-> Gérer les dépendances requises (fonction requirements qui vérifie si l'hôte a bien les requis tels que jq, sqlite3 et python) </p>
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<p>-> Vérifier la présence d'un compte super-user dans Django (important pour se logger au panel Admin, via le lancement d'un script Python "lib/check_admin.py")</p>
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<p>-> Adapter le serveur au besoins (via un fichier de configuration sommaire : settings.json)</p>
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<p>-> Automatiser le processus de "migrations" (python manage.py migrate)</p>
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<p>-> Créer un token de session qui sécurisera les communications entre Django <-> Grabber <-> Alfred</p>
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<h3 id="lagent-de-collecte-alfredrun">L'agent de collecte : <em>alfred.run</em></h3>
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<div class="admonition info">
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<p class="admonition-title">Info</p>
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<p><em>Au départ une fonction inclue dans grabber.sh, il a finalement été décidé de séparer les deux pour plus de lisibilité et de facilité sur la suite pour être executé en autonomie dans une machine cible.</em></p>
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</div>
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<p>Son rôle est de fetch les données de la cible dont on a besoin pour répondre au besoin, données Hardware et Software. Toujours en Bash pour sa facilité d'utilisation dans des tâches d'extraction de données de l'OS. </p>
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<p><strong>En résumé, il devra donc :</strong></p>
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<p>-> Récupérer les données système (avec des outils natifs comme les netutils ou bien la librairie externe inxi)</p>
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<p>-> Empaqueter ces données en un objet JSON (avec jq)</p>
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<p>-> Envoyer les données via une requête à l'endpoint du serveur Django (avec une requête HTTP POST curl)</p>
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<p>-> Renvoyer le token de session pour sécuriser la communication</p>
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<p>-> Le tout est codé dans un paquet .run qui contient les librairies requises comme jq et inxi pour être utilisable sur un maximum d'ordinateurs Linux (compilé avec makeself)</p>
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<h3 id="deploiement-dalfred">Déploiement d'Alfred</h3>
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<p>Pour déployer Alfred sur une machine, on utilisera SSH pour envoyer le script dans un PC cible. On veut que cette tâche soit lancée directement depuis le panel Admin.</p>
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<p>Pour se faire, on délègue celle-ci à Python avec Django qui l'effectuera avec un formulaire qui contient l'IP sur laquelle aller, le username et le mot de passe du SSH cible.</p>
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<h4 id="requete-avec-paramiko">Requête avec Paramiko</h4>
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<p>C'est la solution trouvée pour gérer cette demande, Paramiko est une librairie Python installable avec pip qui peut établir la session SSH et le fera depuis le backend Django (dans views.py -> fonction deploy_ssh)</p>
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<p>Le cycle de la requête est le suivant :</p>
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<pre><code>-> Connexion SSH à la cible.
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-> Transfert SFTP de l'exécutable alfred.run vers le répertoire temporaire /tmp/.
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-> Exécution distante en injectant l'IP du serveur (request.get_host()) et
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le Token de session.
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-> Nettoyage des traces (rm /tmp/alfred.run).
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</code></pre>
|
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<h3 id="protection-de-lapi-avec-un-secret-partage">Protection de l'API avec un "Secret Partagé"</h3>
|
|
<p>Pourquoi éviter le CSRF pour une API machine ? Les limites de l'authentification par navigateur pour des scripts automatisés.</p>
|
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<p>Rotation dynamique des clés (Token) : * Explication de la génération du SESSION_TOKEN (via openssl rand) à chaque lancement de grabber.sh.</p>
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<p>Injection dans settings.json lu par Django (config/settings.py).</p>
|
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<p>Nettoyage sécurisé (Trap) : L'utilisation de trap dans le lanceur Bash pour effacer le token du JSON à la fermeture du serveur (Ctrl+C), évitant de laisser des identifiants sensibles en clair.</p>
|
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<p>La validation côté Django (api.py) : Comment la vue receive_system_info compare le header HTTP_X_API_KEY avec le token mémorisé avant d'accepter les données.</p>
|
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<h3 id="panel-admin-django">Panel Admin (Django)</h3>
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<pre><code>7.1. Le modèle de données (models.py) : Présentation de la table SystemInfo, avec l'adresse MAC comme clé d'unicité (pour mettre à jour un PC existant plutôt que de le dupliquer).
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7.2. L'expérience utilisateur (HTML/CSS/JS) :
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Affichage propre des données récupérées.
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Gestion des erreurs SSH avec les messages Django (succès/échec).
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L'ajout d'un script JavaScript (Spinner de chargement) lors du déploiement SSH pour éviter les clics multiples.
|
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</code></pre>
|
|
<h2 id="vue-densemble-du-projet-et-conclusions">Vue d'ensemble du projet et Conclusions</h2>
|
|
<h3 id="difficultes-rencontrees-et-apprentissages">Difficultés rencontrées et apprentissages</h3>
|
|
<h3 id="bilan">Bilan</h3>
|
|
<h3 id="axes-damelioration">Axes d'amélioration</h3>
|
|
<p>Passer le déploiement SSH sur un système de clés asymétriques (Clés Publiques/Privées) plutôt que par mot de passe.</p>
|
|
<p>Déploiement du serveur maître via Docker pour une approche 100% "Release".</p>
|
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<p>Ajout d'un historique de l'état (ex: voir si un PC est hors ligne depuis X jours).</p>
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